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Objective:To explore the association between attitudes toward care of the dying and death depression in undergraduate nursing students.Methods:With stratified sampling, 380 undergraduate nursing students in Guangdong Medical University from June to September 2020 were investigated by using a self-designed questionnaire, Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale Form B (FATCOD-B-C) and Chinese version of Death Depression Scale-Revised (CCDS-R). Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between hospice care attitude and death depression of nursing undergraduates.Results:The score of FATCOD-B-C of 380 nursing undergraduates was (104.92 ± 7.92) points. The highest average score of dimensions of attitude toward the necessity of family support was (4.02 ± 0.38) points, and the lowest average score of dimensions of attitude toward communication with the dying person was (2.95 ± 0.42) points. The score of CCDS-R was (54.58 ± 12.52) points. The highest average score of dimensions of other death was (3.48 ± 0.80) points, and the lowest average score of dimensions of existential vacuum was (1.78 ± 0.69) points. Pearson analysis revealed that attitudes toward care of the dying had a negative association with death depression ( r=-0.34, P<0.05). Conclusions:Attitudes toward care of the dying of undergraduate nursing students is in a higher level and it has close association with death depression. It is recommended to reduce the death depression level of undergraduate nursing students through hospice care training and carrying out death education, so as to improve the positive attitudes of caring for dying patients.
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0bjective To synthesis evidence of self-efficacy-based interventions to improve self-management and health behaviour change in patients with diabetes. Methods PubMed, Cochrane, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EBSCO and Web of Science were searched from 1977 to August 2018. The primary outcomes were self-efficacy and self-care ability. Pooled effect sizes of standardised mean difference ( SMD ) were calculated if outcome measurements and the units were different, and if outcome measurements and the units were the same, such as measuring blood glucose by HbA1c, weighted mean difference ( WMD ) were used to calculate pooled effect sizes. Results Nine eligible randomised control trials (RCTs) including 1578 participants were identified. The results showed that interventions based on self-efficacy significantly improved patients′self-efficacy ( SMD=0.69, 95% CI :0.58 to 0.80, P＜0.05) and self-management ( SMD=0.93,95% CI : 0.74 to 1.12, P＜0.05), helped them control blood glucose ( WMD=-0.69, 95% CI :-0.85 to-0.52, P＜0.05), reduced hospitalisation and emergency times, and improved their quality of life ( SMD=0.52,95% CI : 0.32 to 0.72, P＜0.05). Conclusions Even though the results showed significant improvement in self-efficacy and self-management after interventions, the conclusion needs to be generalised with caution because of the quality of RCTs and high heterogeneity. Future trials could consider RCTs with high quality, appropriate sample size, specific component of diabetes management, and reliable and valid scales or objective measures as outcomes.
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Children with congenital heart disease always prone to anxiety and irritability because of huge surgical trauma , using cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery, invasive procedure combined with environmental factors, stress response and so on.Those all lead to unstable circulation, increasing heart rate and blood pressure which are not conducive to recover.So the goal directed sedation therapy play a key role to reduce stress response, decrease oxygen consumption and keep circulation sta-ble.
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Objective To explore the effect of gender on the concentration of D-dimer between the healthy and the patients with aortic dissection.Methods From January 2015 to January 2016,53 patients with aortic dissection were treated in a hospital and 50 patients of health control group were matched by age,Sysmex CS5100 was used to detect the concentration of D-dimer in the selected population,and the results were analyzed statistically.Results In the same age group,the concentration of D-dimer in healthy control group female was higher than that in male,difference was statistically significant (t=5.357,P<0.05);The concentration of D-dimer in male patients with aortic dissection group was higher than that of female patients,difference was statistically significant(t=-2.041,P<0.05).The concentration of D-dimer in patients with aortic dissection group was higher than that of the healthy control group,difference was statistically significant(t=5.757,P<0.05).Conclusion The concentration of D-dimer between healthy adults and patients with aortic dissection exist gender differences,and it has a certain correlation.
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Objective:To prepare for mAb of progesterone receptor. It would provide support for the immunohistochemistry behind. Methods:Target gene connected together with a carrier by seamless cloning method. The target protein that expression by inducing was collected. And with cell fusion method , the monoclonal antibodies were preparation. Then the mAb were detected by IHC. Results: The mAb ( clone 7C7 ) was detected and it found positive for the breast, uterine fibroid tissue, showed negative in colorectal cancer tissue, smooth muscle tissue, the goal of the claim were achieve. Conclusion: Finally, we found the method that prepare for mAb was far beyond our imagination. The result of IHC on different samples about mAb(7C7)obtained compliance with an-ticipation. Study on the difference between the PR-A and PR-B had significance.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effects of artificial dermis combined with negative pressure wound therapy on repairing wound aft er resection of cutaneous malignant tumor in elderly.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 34 hospitalized patients with cutaneous malignant tumor from July, 2009 to February, 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients received local enlarged excision, artificial dermis covered wounds and 12-16 days of negative pressure wound therapy plus a free skin graft transplant on the surface with an artificial dermis. Recovery and complication aft er operation were assessed.@*RESULTS@#All wounds were restored successfully with good appearance. None severe infection happened.@*CONCLUSION@#Artificial dermis combined with negative pressure wound therapy can repair wound efficiently aft er cutaneous malignant tumor resection was performed for old patients.
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Aged , Humans , Dermis , Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Retrospective Studies , Skin Neoplasms , General Surgery , Skin Transplantation , Skin, Artificial , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Objective To study the probability of other autoimmune diseases in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC),autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and explore its effects on the prognosis.Methods From January 1994 to March 2014,the data of 232 patients with autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) were collected.The type and case number of coexisting with other autoimmune diseases of patients with PBC,AIH and PSC were analyzed and compared.Cox regression model was performed to analyze the effects of coexisting with autoimmune diseases on the prognosis of AILD.Results Among 135 PBC patients,there were 64 cases that coexisted with Sjogren's syndrome (SS),seven cases with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),seven cases with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),nine cases with systemic sclerosis (SSc),three cases with polymyositis and/or dermatomyositis (PM/DM) and one case with Crohn's disease.Among 55 AIH patients,threre were 19 cases that coexisted with SS,10 cases with SLE,one case with RA,two cases with SSc and two cases with PM/ DM.Among 24 PSC patients,there were seven cases combined with ulceric colitis,one case with Crohn's disease and one case with RA.Among 18 patients with PBC AIH overlap syndrome,there were five cases with SS and one case with RA.Compared with PBC patients,the risk of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis increased in PBC patiento coexisting with SS (OR =34.0,95 ％ CI 8.9 to 130.1).After gender,age,disease course and medicine intervention were adjusted,the prognosis of AILD which included death,liver transplantation and liver cirrhosis complications was not affected by the coexistence with other autoimmune diseases.Conclusions AILD patients coexisting with other autoimmune diseases is common,most of which are SS,SLE,SSc and RA.PBC patients coexisting with SS is the risk factor of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis,and coexisting with other autoimmune disease does not independently affect the prognosis of AILD.
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There are some existing problems in controlling the quality of oxygen. In order to improve quality, efficiency and safety in the use of oxygen, we presented some factors which may give rise to variations in concentration of oxygen and proposed some suggestions based on the investigation and analysis of such problems.
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Equipment and Supplies , OxygenABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the association between the two single nucleotide polymorphisms located in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)in Han population in Guangdong province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two tagSNPs (rs4646312 and rs4680) were picked out from COMT gene. Using the SNPscan(TM) Kit, SNP genotyping was then performed, in two cohorts, including 595 cases and 725 controls. Finally, Chi-square test, logistic regression model and other methods were employed for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of TT, CT and CC of rs4646312 appeared to be 304(51.1%), 234(39.3%)and 57 (8.6%) in cases, 323 (44.6%), 319 (44.0%) and 83(11.4%)in controls, respectively. The frequencies of GG,GA and AA of rs4680 were 311(52.4%), 236 (39.8%) and 46(7.8%)in cases, 417(57.7%), 265 (36.6%) and 41 (5.7%) in controls, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>showed that SNP rs4646312 was significantly associated with T2DM both in allelic association analysis (P = 0.020,OR = 1.26, 95%CI:1.04-1.53)and in recessive model (P = 0.022, OR = 1.35, 95% CI:1.05-1.74)after adjustment for sex,BMI and TG. The association between rs4680 and T2DM was not significant, but BMI was remarkably different among the three genotypes of rs4680 after controlling for other factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SNP rs4646312 of COMT gene was associated with the increased risk of T2DM in Han population in Guangdong province. However, rs4680 was not significantly associated with T2DM.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alleles , Case-Control Studies , Catechol O-Methyltransferase , Genetics , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Genetics , Gene Frequency , Genotype , Polymorphism, Single NucleotideABSTRACT
Objective To know about the research status of clinical teaching management and provide guidance for establishing and perfecting the clinical teaching management system.Methods We summarized the research progress on clinical teaching management at home and abroad,including clinical training mode,qualification requirement,core competence,assessment criterion and training for clinical adviser of Master of Nursing Specialist students.Results Our country has not formed a standard and unified system on clinical teaching management so far.Conclusions We should actively learn from foreign advanced management experience,combined with China's national conditions to establish clinical adviser management mechanism.
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BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have confirmed that minimaly invasive and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion approaches for single-segment and multi-segment lumbar degenerative diseases were effective, but their advantages and disadvantages remain inconclusive. OBJECTIVE:To systematicaly evaluate the effectiveness and safety of minimaly invasive versus open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative disease. METHODS: Databases including The Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2014), PubMed, EMbase, MEDLINE, SCI, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang Data were searched to colect the randomized controled trails and non-randomized controled trails about minimaly invasive and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative disease. The retrieval time was from foundation to February 2014. The studies were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were extracted and the quality was evaluated by two reviewers independently. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.2 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 1 randomized controled trail and 18 non-randomized controled trails involving 1 400 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: compared with open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, minimaly invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion had many advantages, such as smal paraspinal muscle injury, less blood loss, short hospital stay, good early effects and high long-period remission rate of lumbago. However, minimaly invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was not superior to open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in improving long-period motor function, long-term remission rate of leg pain and in reducing complications. Moreover, the operation time of minimaly invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was longer. Therefore, under the premise of strict indications, minimaly invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion could better solve the complaint of patients with lumbar degenerative disease. For the quantitative and qualitative limitation of the included studies, this conclusion stil requires to be further proved by performing a larger scale and a higher quality of randomized controled trails. It suggests that doctors should choose a best therapy for patients according to an integrative disease assessment.
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Syndrome, a very important concept in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is the essence and characteristics of TCM theory. Progress of related studies on syndrome will drive the development of TCM. Therefore, clinical and basic researches on syndrome have focused on the hotspot of TCM. In recent 60 years, many scholars have discussed the concept, essence and the establishment of standardization of syndrome from different angles and layers. Although many results have been obtained, there is still a certain one sidedness and dispute. Therefore, looking for a new theoretical tool to reveal the scientific connotation of TCM syndrome is imperative. TCM syndrome and biological entropy belong to two different subject concepts, but can also reveal the physiological and pathological state in the changes of life body growth. This article discussed isomorphism of TCM syndrome and biological entropy from the concept, theoretical background and characteristics, with a purpose to provide certain guiding significance to study and promote standardized researches on TCM syndrome.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of colonic J-pouch coloanal anastomosis after low anterior resection for mid or low rectal cancer on improving defecation and anorectal physiology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To make a meta-analysis, prospective randomized controlled trial of with or without colonic J-pouch after low anterior resection for mid or low rectal cancer was conducted. The key words included rectal cancer, J-pouch (or J-pouch) and those randomized from selected reports. The data on bowel function and physiological function of the anal canal and (neo) rectum were meta-analyzed using fixed effect model and random effect model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight randomized trails including 378 patients entered this study. After one year follow-up, the functional results showed that there were significant differences in stool frequency per day, urgency and use of medication between colonic J-pouch group and straight coloanal anastomosis group. On physiological function of the anal canal and (neo) rectum, there was significant difference only in rectal compliance between the two groups. But there was no significant difference in other 4 items.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The functional improvement gained from colonic J-pouch coloanal anastomosis continues to benefit the patient with mid or low rectal cancer for at least 12 months. It is necessary to further study about the effect of colonic J-pouch coloanal anastomosis on physiological function of the anal canal and (neo) rectum.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anal Canal , General Surgery , Anastomosis, Surgical , Methods , Colonic Pouches , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Rectal Neoplasms , General Surgery , Rectum , General Surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the effects of different nutritional supports in gastric cancer patients undergoing radical resection.Methods:Sixty patients with gastric cancer were randomly divided into three groups: parenteral nutrition(PN)group,enteral nutrition(EN) group and parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition(PN-EN) group.The rate of complication, recovery time of the gut function,average post-operative hospital stay,changes of liver function,levels of blood glucose,serum albumin,prealbumin and transferrin,levels of nitrogen balance and change of body weight were observed in the three groups.The therapeutic effects of post-operational nutritional support were studied.Results:There are no significant difference in the rate of complication,average post-operative hospital stay,changes of liver function and level of blood glucose.The recovery time of the gut function in EN group was shorter than that in PN and PN-EN groups(P